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    Iran Polymer Technology, Research and Development ( Scientific )
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      1 - A review of polymer bonded explosive rheology
      Mahmoud Heydari
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Polymer-bonded explosives are widely used in defense and commercial industries. In this type of explosive, very high amounts of explosive crystals (about 90% by weight) are surrounded by a polymeric binder (about 10%), which leads to a decrease in sensitivity and a sign More
      Polymer-bonded explosives are widely used in defense and commercial industries. In this type of explosive, very high amounts of explosive crystals (about 90% by weight) are surrounded by a polymeric binder (about 10%), which leads to a decrease in sensitivity and a significant increase in safety during application and storage. These mixtures are molded in different ways, such as pressing, casting, extrusion, and injection. Studying the rheology of these mixtures with a high percentage of solid loading leads to finding the appropriate quality control method at different production stages. The first step was to review studies on alternatives to simulating explosive rheological behavior, such as dechlorane, calcium carbonate, sugar, etc. The general behavior of simulated mixtures, such as yield stress, shear rate dependence, time dependence, etc., is compared with original explosive. The results showed that despite the similarity in some rheological behaviors, it is impossible to predict and study all the rheological behaviors of polymer-bonded explosives using simulating materials. This paper discusses factors affecting the rheology of polymer-bonded explosives, such as particle size distribution, modification of explosive crystal surfaces, and plasticizer. A review of scientific sources showed that using a wide distribution of explosive crystal particles compared to a narrow distribution led to a significant reduction in viscosity and dependence on shear rate and time. The absence of strong interactions between crystal particles and polymer binder leads to no observation of quasi-solid behavior even in 85% by weight of explosive crystals such as octogen in hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      2 - Investigating the Particle Size of Chitosan-Based Drug Carriers for the Release of 5-Fluorouracil Antitumor Drug
      Mohammad Hossein Karami Majid Abdouss Mandana Karami
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Chitosan has been widely used as a natural biopolymer. The modification of chitosan for various applications can be easily achieved due to the abundant active groups (NH2 and OH) in the main chain. Controlled drug release makes the drug release rate predictable and repe More
      Chitosan has been widely used as a natural biopolymer. The modification of chitosan for various applications can be easily achieved due to the abundant active groups (NH2 and OH) in the main chain. Controlled drug release makes the drug release rate predictable and repeatable for prolonged release drugs. Drug delivery systems prepared from nanoparticles show several advantages, including improved efficiency and reduced toxicity. Using drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles loaded with anti-cancer agents is an effective method for targeting cancer cells. These systems, with the ability to penetrate better inside the cells, combine the drug in a targeted way in the cells. Also, due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR), the possibility of better accumulation of drugs in the tumor site is provided. In most researches, the suitable particle size for the targeted release of drug nanocarriers has been reported to be less than 300 or 200 nm. This amount is suitable for the application of drug release for diffusion among tissues and causes the effect of increasing permeability. In this study, for the first time, it examines and analyzes the particle size and zeta potential (surface charge) of chitosan-based nanocarriers through dynamic light scattering and electron microscope tests in improving the release of the antitumor drug, 5-fluorouracil. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      3 - Modeling the behavior of polymer matrix composite pipes carrying fluid exposed to hydrocarbon fire
      Alireza Rahimi Ehsan Selahi
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Despite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in th More
      Despite the very good mechanical properties of composite materials, the strength of these materials is not suitable for heat resistance. Therefore, due to the increasing use of composite pipes, especially in the oil, gas and petrochemical industries, fire analysis in these pipes is very important. The most important goal of this research was to investigate the effects of fire on the strength of composite pipes and their failure time by performing a numerical thermal-mechanical analysis for a fluid-carrying composite pipe using MATLAB software. At the first step thermal modeling is carried out and heat distribution, due to the hydro carbonian fire, in the composite pipes is determined in terms of the location and time and then in the mechanical modeling stage, the loss of mechanical properties of the composite pipe due to this increase in temperature is calculated and considering the stresses from the fluid inside the pipe as well as thermal stresses have been created, the total stresses have been calculated. This Thermo-Mechanical model has been validated with the results found in valid articles and used to analyze the behavior of a fluid-carrying composite pipe exposed to hydrocarbon fire. Finally, the Tsai–Wu failure theory was employed to determine the failure time of the pipe in the above-mentioned conditions. By estimating the failure time of the composite pipe, it was possible to determine the pressure bearing capacity and failure time of pressurized composite pipes subjected to fire Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      4 - Investigating the properties and application of various types of adhesives used in the body
      Hamidreza Haydari marziyeh hosseini
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Nowadays, in order to treat and repair bone fractures, metal screws and plates are used; But normally, this method will cause problems in surgeries and bone fractures, including skull and vertebral column fractures, which for example can include things such as long oper More
      Nowadays, in order to treat and repair bone fractures, metal screws and plates are used; But normally, this method will cause problems in surgeries and bone fractures, including skull and vertebral column fractures, which for example can include things such as long operation time which increases the surgery time, the possibility of damage to the bone tissues around the fracture, difficulty and failure. He pointed out the plates. Therefore, researchers and orthopedic surgeons are looking for a suitable alternative to this method. The use of bone glues is one of the new technologies in this direction that has been proposed to solve such problems. These adhesives must have characteristics such as acceptable adhesion of proteins, tissues and bone, especially in the presence of fat around the bone and stability of adhesion in these environments, and over time, have high mechanical strength against tensile, shear and compressive stresses. Also, having characteristics such as non-toxicity, biocompatibility, appropriate biodegradability, quick and easy application, and good fracture stabilization are required for these adhesives. In this article, some of these bio-adhesives, how to prepare and use them are discussed. Nowadays, in order to treat and repair bone fractures, metal screws and plates are used; But normally, this method will cause problems in surgeries and bone fractures, including skull and vertebral column fractures, which for example can include things such as long operation time which increases the surgery time, the possibility of damage to the bone tissues around the fracture, difficulty and failure. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      5 - Crystallinity of polymers determined by differential scanning calorimetry (II)
      Mina Alizadehaghdam
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely used to determine the crystallinity of semicrystalline polymers. In the two-phase model, the measured heat of fusion is compared to the melting enthalpy of a completely crystalline polymer to get the crystallinity degree More
      Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is widely used to determine the crystallinity of semicrystalline polymers. In the two-phase model, the measured heat of fusion is compared to the melting enthalpy of a completely crystalline polymer to get the crystallinity degree. Fusion heat of a polymeric sample is identified by area under the melting endotherm and a baseline. A correct baseline is heat capacity of the semicrystalline sample. It varies with both temperature and crystallinity and is difficult to evaluate. Enthalpy of a process is a state-function quantity and is independent of the process path. In polymer melting, temperature increase and fusion process occur simultaneously. This makes evaluation of the fusion heat challenging. Herein, alternative paths are supposed in which temperature increase and fusion process occur separately and sequentially. This leads to a convenient enthalpy evaluation. Two alternative paths can be defined: first, polymer melts at a constant temperature which is followed by temperature increase of the melt; second, polymer temperature increases without any change in crystallinity degree which is followed by polymer melting at a constant temperature. Lastly, an enthalpy deficiency due to the amorphous-crystalline interface and an excess enthalpy due to the defects present in crystalline regions are investigated how to affect the crystallinity. Manuscript profile

    • Open Access Article

      6 - Polymer processes in the light of artificial intelligence
      Zeinab Sadat Hosseini
      Issue 4 , Vol. 8 , Winter 2024
      Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the daily life of humans on the planet by entering different fields. This tool has opened a new window on the activists in the field of polymer science and engineering, like other sciences, and it can be widely used in the ma More
      Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the daily life of humans on the planet by entering different fields. This tool has opened a new window on the activists in the field of polymer science and engineering, like other sciences, and it can be widely used in the manufacture of polymers and their derivatives, mixing processes, forming polymers, composites, and designing and manufacturing the related equipment. Artificial intelligence algorithms can enable the analysis of a large and unlimited amount of data obtained from sensors and process monitoring systems. These patterns and methods have provided the ability to process cases that are difficult or impossible to detect manually and are used in modeling and simulation, process control, error detection and recommender systems, and can be used to achieve optimal mixing by considering the properties of the mixture components and technical specifications, can be provided recommendations for the desired product. Artificial intelligence can control the process factors to ensure consistency and uniform dispersion of additives, fillers, and colors, resulting in higher quality mixing and products with optimized properties. It can also help reduce the cycle time without compromising product quality, which can lead to significant cost savings and the greater productivity, and can enable preventative maintenance. In this study, the application of artificial intelligence in some polymer processes was investigated, specifically in the rubber compounding, the composite preparation and the extrusion, which promises a new direction in the polymer processes. Manuscript profile
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    Last Update 3/19/2024