مروری بر غشاهای سلولزی و کاربردهای آن در جداسازی، مصارف دارویی و زیستپزشکی
محورهای موضوعی :پگاه گوشه 1 , لیدا عظیمی 2 , طهورا محمدزاده نوین 3 *
1 - مدیر تحقیق و توسعه شرکت پاکان پلاستکار
2 - رئیس تحقیق و توسعه شرکت پاکان پلاستکار
3 - تحقیق و توسعه شرکت پاکان پلاستکار
کلید واژه: سلولز, غشاء سلولز دیاستات, سلولز استات, دارورسانی, عبورپذیری,
چکیده مقاله :
سلولز و مشتقات آن، از جمله پلیمرهای طبیعی هستند که به طور گسترده جهت تهیه غشاء عبورپذیر، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتهاند. در میان خواص مختلف مواد سلولزی، خاصیت عبورپذیری از برجستهترینها است. مشتقات استری سلولز به دلیل سمیت پایین و قابلیت تنظیم عبورپذیری، در جداسازی گازها، غشاهای پزشکی مانند دیالیز و رهایش دارو به طور موثر درکشورهای پیشرو در صنعت مدرن، استفاده میشوند. دارا بودن خاصیت انتخابپذیری و عبوردهی، ناشی از ویژگی ساختاری و شیمیایی منحصر به فرد این ماده است. بر اساس پژوهشها، کنترل نرخ رهایش دارو به کمک پوشش دارویی سلولز استر، طی فرآیند اصلاح شیمیایی، کنترل تخلخل و با استفاده از افزودنیهای مناسب امکانپذیر است. سلولز، به دلیل گروههای هیدروکسیل و پیوند هیدروژنی قوی، استحکام کششی بالایی دارد؛ با این حال، خواص مکانیکی ناهمسانگرد (Anisotropic) از خود نشان میدهد؛ به این معنی که رفتار مکانیکی آن بسته به جهت نیروی اعمال شده تغییر میکند. مشکل اصلی مواد پایه سلولزی تمایل آنها به جذب آب است که میتواند بر خواص مکانیکی آنها تأثیر بگذارد. نفوذ بخار آب و اکسیژن از مواد پایه سلولزی، بیشترین مطالعه را به خود اختصاص داده است. از جمله عوامل موثر بر خواص عبورپذیری، منبع، نوع سلولز، روش تهیه غشاء و پارامترهای انحلال میباشد.
Among the natural polymers that have been the focus of extensive research for the development of permeable membranes, cellulose and its derivatives are of particular interest. Among the various properties of cellulosic materials, permeability is one of the most prominent. Cellulose ester derivatives are utilized in a variety of applications due to their advantageous properties, including low toxicity and tunable permeability. These derivatives are employed in critical industrial processes, such as gas separation, the fabrication of medical membranes (e.g., for dialysis), and drug delivery systems. Leading countries in the modern industrial sector have adopted this technology. The selective and permeable properties of these materials are derived from the distinctive structural and chemical characteristics of the material itself. Research has demonstrated that the regulation of the drug release rate is achievable through the application of cellulose ester coatings, with this regulation being facilitated by chemical modification, porosity control, and the judicious selection of suitable additives. Cellulose, due to its hydroxyl groups and strong hydrogen bonding, has high tensile strength; however, it exhibits anisotropic mechanical properties, meaning its mechanical behavior varies depending on the direction of the applied force. The primary concern with cellulose-based materials pertains to their propensity for water absorption, a property that can compromise their mechanical integrity. The permeation of water vapor and oxygen through cellulosic materials has been the subject of the most studies. The factors influencing permeability properties include the source and type of cellulose, the method of membrane preparation, and dissolution parameters.
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