بررسی خواص و کاربرد انواع چسب‌های مورد استفاده در بدن
محورهای موضوعی : زیست پلاستیک ها و پلیمرهای تجديد پذیر
حمیدرضا حیدری
1
(دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر)
مرضیه حسینی
2
(پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران)
کلید واژه: چسب استخوان, پلیمر, چسبندگی بافت, زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه به‌منظور درمان و ترمیم شکستگی‌های استخوان، از پیچ و پلاک‌های فلزی استفاده می‌شود؛ اما به‌طور معمول این روش مشکلاتی در جراحی‌ها و شکستگی‌های استخوان از جمله شکستگی‌های جمجمه و ستون مهره‌ها به دنبال خواهد داشت که به‌عنوان مثال می‌توان به مواردی هم‌چون زمان اعمال طولانی که سبب افزایش زمان جراحی می‌شود، احتمال آسیب به بافت‌های استخوانی اطراف شکستگی، دشواری و شکست پلاک‌ها اشاره کرد. از این رو پژوهشگران و جراحان ارتوپد، به‌دنبال جایگزینی مناسب برای این روش هستند. استفاده از چسب‌های استخوان یکی از فناوری‌های جدید در این راستا است که برای حل چنین مشکلاتی پیشنهاد شده است. این چسب‌ها باید دارای ویژگی‌هایی هم‌چون چسبندگی قابل‌قبول پروتئین‌ها، بافت‌ها و استخوان به‌ویژه در حضور چربی اطراف استخوان و پایداری چسبندگی در این محیط‌ها باشند و با گذشت زمان، استحکام مکانیکی بالایی در برابر تنش‌های کششی، برشی و فشاری داشته باشند. هم‌چنین داشتن خصوصیاتی از جمله غیرسمی، زیست‌سازگاری، زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری مناسب، اعمال سریع و آسان و تثبیت خوب شکستگی برای این چسب‌ها الزامی است. در این مقاله به برخی از این چسب‌های زیستی، نحوه‌ی تهیه و کاربرد آن‌ها پرداخته شده است.
Nowadays, in order to treat and repair bone fractures, metal screws and plates are used; But normally, this method will cause problems in surgeries and bone fractures, including skull and vertebral column fractures, which for example can include things such as long operation time which increases the surgery time, the possibility of damage to the bone tissues around the fracture, difficulty and failure. He pointed out the plates. Therefore, researchers and orthopedic surgeons are looking for a suitable alternative to this method. The use of bone glues is one of the new technologies in this direction that has been proposed to solve such problems. These adhesives must have characteristics such as acceptable adhesion of proteins, tissues and bone, especially in the presence of fat around the bone and stability of adhesion in these environments, and over time, have high mechanical strength against tensile, shear and compressive stresses. Also, having characteristics such as non-toxicity, biocompatibility, appropriate biodegradability, quick and easy application, and good fracture stabilization are required for these adhesives. In this article, some of these bio-adhesives, how to prepare and use them are discussed. Nowadays, in order to treat and repair bone fractures, metal screws and plates are used; But normally, this method will cause problems in surgeries and bone fractures, including skull and vertebral column fractures, which for example can include things such as long operation time which increases the surgery time, the possibility of damage to the bone tissues around the fracture, difficulty and failure.
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