Bioaffinity sorbents based on natural macromolecules
Subject Areas :Mohanna Chegeni 1 , Zahra Talebpour 2 *
1 -
2 - Tehran, Alzahra University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry
Keywords: Affinity sorbent, solid-phase microextraction, dispersive solid-phase extraction, in-tube solid-phase microextraction, pipette-tip solid-phase microextraction,
Abstract :
Natural macromolecules, including lectins, Protein A, and antibodies, are recognized as a class of biologically derived affinity sorbents due to their ability to establish highly specific interactions with target analytes. Affinity liquid chromatography and affinity solid-phase extraction based on these biomolecules represent powerful approaches for the selective separation and targeted preconcentration of analytes from complex biological, environmental, and food matrices. Owing to their high selectivity and molecular recognition capability, these affinity sorbents have attracted considerable attention in recent years in the fields of analytical chemistry, life sciences, and separation technologies. This review discusses the fundamental principles governing the performance of these affinity sorbents and highlights the expansion of their applications in solid-phase extraction and micro-solid-phase extraction techniques. Their applications in pathogen detection, glycoprotein analysis, and biomarker determination are described. In addition, practical examples of coupling these affinity sorbents with advanced analytical and separation techniques, including mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis, are presented. Furthermore, the advantages and capabilities of these affinity sorbents in improving extraction selectivity, enhancing extraction efficiency, minimizing matrix effects, and advancing modern sample preparation strategies are discussed. Finally, their potential applications in biomedical, environmental, and food analysis are briefly reviewed and evaluated, with emphasis on recent developments.
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