irdpt-140502291914050229195439CMV Verlagkhoffmann@cmv-verlag.comCMV VerlagIran Polymer Technology, Research and Developmentirdpt2538-3345612202271ZahraTalebpourZeinabZamani612202251310.66224/irdpt.38068.7.1.5http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38068http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380681.Zhang X., Sun L., Yu Y., Zhao Y., Flexible Ferrofluids: Design and Applications, Advanced Materials, 31, 1–35, 2019. 2. Torres-Díaz I., Rinaldi C., Recent Progress in Ferrofluids Research: Novel Applications of Magnetically Controllable and Tunable Fluids, Soft Matter, 10, 8584–8602, 2014. 3. Romero Calvo Á., H. J. Hermans T., Cano Gómez G., Parrilla Benítez L., Ángel Herrada Gutiérrez M., Castro-Hernández E., Ferrofluid Dynamics in Microgravity Conditions, 2nd Symposium on Space Educational Activities, 42, 11-13, 2018. 4. V. I. Timonen J., Latikka M., Leibler L., H. A. Ras R., Ikkala O., Switchable Static and Dynamic self-assembly of Magnetic Droplets on Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Science, 341, 253–257, 2013.5. Holm C., Weis J., The Structure of Ferrofluids: A status Report, Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science., 10, 133–140, 2005.6. Gharehbaghi M., Davoudabadi Farahani M., Shemirani F., Dispersive Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Based on an Ionic Liquid Ferrofluid, Analytical Methods, 6, 9258–9266, 2014. 7. Nayebi R., Shemirani F., Ferrofluids-based Microextraction Systems to Process Organic and Inorganic Targets: The State-of-the-art Advances and Applications, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 138. 116-232, 2021. 8. Joseph A., Mathew S., Ferrofluids: Synthetic Strategies, Stabilization, Physicochemical Features, Characterization, and Applications, Chempluschem, 79, 1382–1420, 2014. 9. Khairul M. A., Doroodchi E., Azizian R., Moghtaderi B., Advanced Applications of Tunable Ferrofluids in Energy Systems and Energy Harvesters: A Critical Review, Energy Conversion and Management, 149, 660–674, 2017. 10. Khoramian S., Saeidifar M., Zamanian A., Saboury A.A., Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible Ferrofluid Based on Magnetite Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Immunoglobulin G as an Immune Protein, Journal of Molecular Liquids journal, 273, 326–338, 2019. 11. Karimzadeh I., Aghazadeh M., Dalvand A., Doroudi T., Kolivand H., Ganjali M., Norouzi P., Effective Electrosynthesis and in Situ Surface Coating of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Polyvinyl Alcohol for Biomedical Applications, Materials Research Innovations, 23, 1–8, 2019. 12. Yang C., Liu Z., Yu M., Bian X., Liquid Metal Ga-Sn Alloy Based Ferrofluids with Amorphous nano-sized Fe-Co-B Magnetic Particles, Journal of Materials Science, 55, 13303–13313, 2020. 13. Priyananda P., Sabouri H., Jain N., S. Hawkett B., Steric Stabilization of γ-Fe2O3 Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles in a Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid and the Magnetorheological Behavior of the Ferrofluid, Langmuir, 34, 3068–3075, 2018. 14. Kunz W., Häckl K., The hype with ionic liquids as solvents, Chemical Physics Letters journal, 661, 6–12, 2016. 15. Shamsipur M., Zohrabi P., Hashemi M., Application of a Supramolecular Solvent as the Carrier for Ferrofluid Based Liquid-phase Microextraction for Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Levofloxacin in Biological Samples, Analytical Methods, 7, 9609–9614, 2015. 16. Musarurwa H., Tawanda Tavengwa N., Supramolecular Solvent-based Micro-extraction of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples, Talanta, 223, 9609-9614, 2021. 17. Zohrabi P., Shamsipur M., Hashemi M., Hashemi B., Liquid-phase Microextraction of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using Supramolecular Solvent as a Carrier for Ferrofluid, Talanta, 340–346, 2016.18. Cai T., Qiu H., Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Chromatography: A Review, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 120, 115623, 2019. 19. Shishov A., Pochivalov A., Nugbienyo L., Andruch V., Bulatov A., Deep Eutectic Solvents are not Only Effective Extractants, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 129, 115956, 2020. 20. Papell S. S., Low Viscosity Magnetic Fluid Obtained by the Colloidal Suspension of Magnetic Particles, Https://patents.google.com/patent/US3215572A/en, 1965. 21. Yu Y., Shang L., Gao W., Zhao Z., Wang H., Zhao Y., Microfluidic Lithography of Bioinspired Helical Micromotors., Angewandte Chemie, 56, 12127–12131, 2017. 22. Banerjee U., K. Sen A., Shape Evolution and Splitting of Ferrofluid Droplets on a Hydrophobic Surface in the Presence of a Magnetic Field, Soft Matter, 14, 2915–2922, 2018.23. Kadau H., Schmitt M., Wenzel M., Wink C., Maier T., Ferrier-Barbut I., Pfau T., Observing the Rosensweig Instability of a Quantum Ferrofluid., Nature, 530, 194–197, 2016.24. Shang L., Yu Y., Gao W., Wang Y., Qu L., Zhao Z., Chai R., Zhao Y., Bio-Inspired Anisotropic Wettability Surfaces from Dynamic Ferrofluid Assembled Templates, Advanced Functional Materials, 28, 1–8, 2018. 25. Peng Lee C., Hsin Chen Y., Feng Lai M., Ferrofluid-molding Method for Polymeric Microlens Arrays Fabrication, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 16, 179–186, 2014. 26. Ye Z., Sun Y., Zhang H., Song B., Dong B., A Phototactic Micromotor Based on Platinum Nanoparticle Decorated Carbon Nitride, Nanoscale, 9, 18516–18522, 2017. 27. Lu H., Zhang M., Yang Y., Huang Q., Fukuda T., Wang Z., Shen Y., A Bioinspired Multilegged Soft Millirobot that Functions in Both Dry and wet Conditions, Nature Communications, 9, 39-44, 2018. 28. Wang H., Zhao Z., Liu Y., Shao C., Bian F., Zhao Y., Biomimetic Enzyme Cascade Reaction System in Microfluidic Electrospray Microcapsules, Science Advances, 4, 1-7, 2018. 29. Zhang Y., Nguyen N., Magnetic Digital Microfluidics - A Review, Lab on a Chip, 17, 994–1008, 2017. 30. Yang R., Hou H., Wang Y., Fu L., Micro-magnetofluidics in Microfluidic Systems: A Review, Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 224, 1–15, 2016. 31. Zhu T., Cheng R., R. Sheppard G., Locklin J., Mao L., Magnetic-Field-Assisted Fabrication and Manipulation of Nonspherical Polymer Particles in Ferrofluid-Based Droplet Microfluidics, Langmuir, 31, 8531–8534, 2015. 32. Wang Y., Wu R., B. Varma V., Wang Z., Seah Y.P., Wang Z., Wang R.V., Flowing label-free Bacteria Trapped by Small Magnetic Fields, Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 260, 657–665, 2018. 33. Navi M., Abbasi N., Jeyhani M., Gnyawali V., S. H. Tsai S., Microfluidic diamagnetic water-in-water droplets: a biocompatible cell encapsulation and manipulation platform, Lab on a Chip, 18, 3361–3370, 2018. 34. Q. Alorabi A., D. Tarn M., Gómez-Pastora J., Bringas E., Ortiz I., N. Paunov V., Pamme N., On-chip Polyelectrolyte Coating onto Magnetic Droplets – towards Continuous Flow Assembly of Drug Delivery Capsules, Lab on a Chip, 17, 3785–3795, 2017. 35. Shi Z., Zhang Y., Kee Lee H., Ferrofluid-based Liquid-phase Microextraction., Journal of Chromatography. A, 1217, 7311–7315, 2010.36. Corps Ricardo A., Abujaber F., Guzmán Bernardo F., C. Rodríguez Martín-Doimeadios R., Ríos Á., Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction as a Valuable Tool for Elemental Speciation Analysis, Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 27, e00097, 2020. 37. Kabeer M., Hakami Y., Asif M., Alrefaei T., Sajid M., Modern Solutions in Magnetic Analytical Extractions of Metals: A Review, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 130, 115987, 2020. 38. Fasih Ramandi N., Shemirani F., Selective Ionic Liquid Ferrofluid Based Dispersive-solid Phase Extraction for Simultaneous Preconcentration/separation of Lead and Cadmium in Milk and Biological Samples, Talanta,131, 404–411, 2015. 39. Yang D., Li X., Meng D., Yang Y., Carbon Quantum Dots-modified Ferrofluid for Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction of Phenolic Compounds in Water and Milk Samples, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 261, 155–161, 2018. 40. Yih Hui B., Zain N., Mohamad S., Varanusupakul P., Osman H., Raoov M., Poly (cyclodextrin-ionic Liquid) Based ferrofluid: A New Class of Magnetic Colloid for Dispersive Liquid Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Food samples Prior to GC-FID Analysis, Food Chemistry., 314, 126214, 2020. MohammadAzadiMehrnazFarokhpour6122022152710.66224/irdpt.38088.7.1.15http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38088http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380881. Quanjina M., Rejaba M., Idrisa M. S., Kumar N.M., Abdullaha M. H., Reddy G.R., Recent 3D and 4D Intelligent Printing Technologies: A Comparative Review and Future Perspective, Procedia Computer Science, 167, 1210–1219, 2020, 2. Mitchell A., Lafont U., Hołynska M., Semprimoschnig C., Additive Manufacturing - A Review of 4D Printing and Future Applications, Additive Manufacturing, 24, 606–626, 2018, 3. Joshi S., Rawat K., Karunakaran C., Rajamohan V., Mathew T., Koziol K., Thakur T., Balan A.S.S, 4D Printing of Materials for the Future: Opportunities and Challenges, Applied Materials Today, 18, 100490, 2020.4. Pinho A.C., Buga C.S., Piedade A.P., The Chemistry Behind 4D Printing, Applied Materials Today, 19, 100611, 2020.5. Deshmukh K, Houkan M.T, Mariam AlMaadeed A, Sadasivuni K, 3D and 4D Printing of Polymer Nanocomposite Materials - Chapter 1: Introduction to 3D and 4D Printing Technology: State of the Art and Recent Trends, Elsevier Inc. 2020.6. Melchels F.P.W., Feijen J., Grijpma D.W., A Review on Stereolithography and ItsApplications in Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials, 31, 6121–6130, 2010.7. Chia H.N., Wu B.M., Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Biomaterials, Journal of Biological Engineering. 9, 4, 2015.8. Yuan S., Shen F., Chua C.K., Zhou K., Polymeric Composites for Powder-basedAdditive Manufacturing: Materials and Applications, Progress in Polymer Science, 91, 141–168, 2019.9. Tian X., Jin J., Yuan S., Chua C.K., Tor S.B., Zhou K., Emerging 3D-printed Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices: A critical Review, Advanced Energy Materials, 7, 1700127, 2017.10. Cummins G., Desmulliez M.P.Y., Inkjet Printing of Conductive Materials: A Review,Circuit World, 38, 193–213, 2012.11. C L., Toit D., Choonara Y.E., Kumar P., Pillay V., 4D Printing and Beyond: Where to from here, Advanced 3D-Printed Systems and Nanosystems for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, 139–157, 2020.12. Javaid M., Haleem A., Significant Advancements of 4D Printing in the Field of Orthopaedics, Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma, 11, 4, 485–490, 2020.13. Alshahrani H., Review of 4D Printing Materials and Reinforced Composites: Behaviors, Applications and Challenges, Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices, 6, 167–185, 2021. 14. Yuan Siang L., Wan Ting S., Lay Poh T., Yunlong W., Yuekun L., Huaqiong L., 4D Printing and Stimuli-responsive Materials in Biomedical Applications, Acta Biomaterialia, 92, 19–36, 2019.15. Gladman A.S., Matsumoto E.A., Nuzzo R.G., Mahadevan L., Lewis J.A., Biomimetic 4D Printing, Nature Material, 15, 413–418, 2016.16. Tibbits S., Design to self-assembly, Architectural Design, 82, 68–73, 2012.17. Tibbits S., 4D Printing: Multi-material Shape Change, Architectural Design, 84, 116–121, 2014.18. Ryan K., Down M., Banks C., Future of Additive Manufacturing: Overview of 4D and 3D Printed Smart and Advanced Materials and Their Applications, Chemical Engineering Journal, (20)32290-7, 1385–8947, 2020. 19. Falahati M., Ahmadvand P., Safaee S., Chang Y., Lyu Z., Chen R., Li L., Lin Y., Smart Polymers and Nanocomposites for 3D and 4D Printing, Materials Today, 40, 215–245, 2020.20. Somolinos C.S., 4D Printing: An Enabling Technology for Soft Robotics, Mechanically Responsive Materials for Soft Robotics, 2020.21. Pei, E., Loh, G.H. Technological Considerations for 4D Printing: An Overview, Progress in Additive Manufacturing, 3, 95–107, 2018.22. Kumar R., Singh R., Singh M., Kumar P., On ZnO nano Particle Reinforced PVDF Composite Materials for 3D Printing of Biomedical Sensors, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 60, 268–282, 2020.23. Hansen C.J., 3D and 4D Printing of Nanomaterials - Chapter 2: Processing Considerations for Reliable Printed Nanocomposites, Elsevier Inc. 2020.24. Compton B.G., Hmeidat N.S., Pack R.C., Heres M.F., Sangoro J.R., Electrical and Mechanical Properties of 3D-printed Graphene-reinforced Epoxy, JOM, 70, 292–297, 2018. 25. De Leon A.C., Chen Q., Palaganas N.B., Palaganas J.O., Manapat J., Advincula R.C., High Performance Polymer Nanocomposites for Additive Manufacturing Applications, Reactive and Functional Polymers, 103, 141–155, 2016.26. Choi H.W., Zhou T., Singh M., Jabbour G.E., Recent Developments and Directions in Printed Nanomaterials, Nanoscale, 7, 3338–3355, 2015.27. Zhou X., Liu C.J., Three-dimensional Printing for Catalytic Applications: Current Status and Perspectives, Advanced Functional Materials, 27, 1701134, 2017.28. Rayatea A., Jain P.K., A Review on 4D printing material composites and their applications, Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 20474–20484, 2018.29. Momeni F., Hassani M.N, Liu X., Ni J., A Review of 4D Printing, Materials and Design, 122, 42–79, 2017.30. Bogers M., Hadar R., Bilberg A., Additive Manufacturing for Consumer-centric Business Models: Implications for Supply Chains in Consumer Goods Manufacturing, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 102, 225–239, 2016.31. Conner B.P., Manogharan, G.P., Martof A.N., Rodomsky L.M., Rodomsky C.M., Jordan, D.C., Limperos J.W., Making Sense of 3-D printing: Creating a Map of Additive Manufacturing Products and Services, Additive Manufacturing, 1, 64–76, 2014.32. Jacobsen M., Clearing the Way for Pivotal 21st-Century Innovation, in Giftedness and Talent in the 21st Century: Springer, 163–179, 2016.33. Hawkes E., An B., Benbernou N.M., Tanaka H., Kim S., Demaine E.D., Rus D., Wood R.J., Programmable Matter by Folding, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 12441–12445, 2010.34. Rastogi P., Kandasubramanian B., Breakthrough in the Printing Tactics for Stimuli-Responsive Materials: 4D Printing, Chemical Engineering Journal, 366, 264–304, 2019. 35. Khatri B., Lappe K., Habedank M., Mueller T., Megnin C., Hanemann T. Fused Deposition Modeling of Abs-barium Titanate Composites: A Simple Route Towards Tailored Dielectric Devices, Polymers, 10, 666, 2018.36. Olakanmi E.O., Cochrane R., Dalgarno K., A Review on Selective Laser Sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) of Aluminium Alloy Powders: Processing, Microstructure, and Properties, Progress in Materials Science, 74, 401–477, 2015.37. Liu, Y., Y. Yang, Wang D., A study on the Residual Stress During Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of Metallic Powder, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 87, 647–656, 2016.38. Song X., Chen Y., Lee T. W., Wu S., Cheng L. Ceramic Fabrication Using Mask-image-Projection-based Stereolithography Integrated with Tape-casting, Journal of Manufacturing Processes 20, 456–464, 2015.39. Ge L., Dong L., Wang D., Ge Q., Gu, G., A Digital Light Processing 3D Printer for Fast and High-precision Fabrication of Soft Pneumatic Actuators, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 273, 285–292, 2018.40. Lewis J.A., Direct Ink Writing of 3D Functional Materials, Advanced Functional Materials 16 (17), 2193–2204, 2006.41. Sochol R.D., Sweet E., Glick C.C., Venkatesh S., Avetisyan A., Ekman K.F., Raulinaitis A., Tsai A., Wienkers A., Korner K., Hanson K., Long A., Hightower B.J., Slatton G., Burnett D.C., Massey T.L., Iwai K., Lee L.P., Pisterbi K.S.J., Lin L., 3D Printed Micro-fluid-circuitry via Multi-jet-based Additive Manufacturing, Lab on a Chip, 16, 668–678, 2016.42. Zhou Y., Huang W.M., Kang S.F., Wu X.L., Lu H.B., Fu J., Cui H., From 3D to 4D printing: Approaches and Typical Applications, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 29, 4281–4288, 2015.43. Zhang Z., Demir K.G., Gu G.X., Developments in 4D-printing: A Review on Current Smart Materials, Technologies, and Applications, International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 1–20, 2019.44. Zhang Q., Yan D., Zhang K., Hu, G. Pattern Transformation of heat-shrinkable Polymer by Three-dimensional (3D) Printing Technology, Scientific reports 5, 8936, 2015.45. Miao S., Cui H., Nowicki M., Xia L., Zhou X., Lee S. J., Zhu W., Sarkar K., Zhang Z., Zhang L. G., Stereolithographic 4D Bioprinting of Multi Responsive Architectures for Neural Engineering, Advanced Biosystems, 2, 1800101, 2018.46. Dadbakhsh S., Speirs M., Kruth J. P., Schrooten J., Luyten J., Van Humbeeck J., Effect of SLM Parameters on Transformation Temperatures of Shape Memory Nickel-titanium Parts, Advanced Engineering Materials, 16, 1140–1146, 2014.47. Kim K., Zhu W., Qu X., Aaronson C., McCall W.R., Chen S., Sirbuly D.J., 3D Optical Printing of Piezoelectric Nanoparticle– polymer Composite Materials, ACS Nano, 8, 9799–9806, 2014.48. Meier, H., Haberland, C., Frenzel, J., Zarnetta, R., Selective Laser Melting of NiTi Shape Memory Components, Innovative Developments in Design and Manufacturing: CRC Press, 251–256, 2009.49. Momeni F., Ni J., Laws of 4D Printing, Engineering, 6, 9, 1035–1055, 2020.50. Khoo Z. X., Teoh J.E.M., Liu Y., Chua C. K., Yang S., An J., Leon K., Yeong W.Y., 3D printing of smart materials: A Review on Recent Progresses in 4D Printing, Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 10, 103–122, 2015.51. Choi J., Kwon O.C., Jo W., Lee H.J., Moon M.W., 4D Printing Technology: A Review, 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 2, 159–167, 2015.52. Gurung D., Technological Comparison of 3D and 4D Printing, Arcada University, 2017.53. Sirringhaus H., Shimoda T., Inkjet Printing of Functional Materials, MRS Bulletin, 28, 802–806, 2003.54. Wang X., Guo Q., Cai X., Zhou S., Kobe B., Yang J, Initiator-integrated 3D Printing Enables the Formation of Complex Metallic Architectures, ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 6, 2583–2587, 2013.55. Shin M., Hoon Song K., Burrell J., Cullen D. Burdick J., Injectable and Conductive Granular Hydrogels for 3D Printing and Electroactive Tissue Support, Advanced Science, 6, 1901229, 2019.56. Agarwala S, Goh G.L., Goh G.D., Dikshit V., Yeong W.Y., 3D and 4D Printing of Polymer/CNTs-based Conductive Composites - Chapter 10: Fabrication of 3D and 4D Polymer Micro- and Nano-structures Based on Electrospinning, Elsevier Inc., 2020.57. Radacsi N, Nuansing W, 3D and 4D Printing of Polymer/CNTs-based Conductive Composites - Chapter 7: 3D and 4D Printing of Polymer/CNTs-based Conductive Composites, Elsevier Inc., 2020.58. Chen A., Yin R., Cao L., Yuan C., Ding H.K., Zhang W.J., Soft robotics: Definition and Research Issues, in: 24th Int. Conf. Mechatronics Mach. Vis. Pract., 366–369, 2017.FarzaneTabatabaee6122022294010.66224/irdpt.38089.7.1.29http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38089http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380891. Castro-Aguirre E., Iniguez-Franco F., Samsudin H., Fang X., Auras R., Poly (lactic acid)-Mass Production, Processing, Industrial Applications, and End of Life, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 107, 333-366, 2016.2. Farah S., Anderson D. G., Langer R., Physical and Mechanical Properties of PLA, and Their Functions in Widespread Applications-A Comprehensive Review, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 107, 367-392, 2016.3. Papong S., Malakul P., Trungkavashirakun R., Wenunun P., Chom-in T., Nithitanakul M., et al., Comparative Assessment of the Environmental Profile of PLA and PET Drinking Water Bottles from a Life Cycle Perspective, Journal of Cleaner Production, 65, 539-550, 2014.4. Soroudi A., Jakubowicz I., Recycling of Bioplastics, Their Blends and Biocomposites: A Review, European Polymer Journal, 49, 2839-2858, 2013.5. Piemonte V., Sabatini S., Gironi F., Chemical Recycling of PLA: A Great Opportunity Towards the Sustainable Development?, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 21, 640-647, 2013.6. McKeown P., Jones M. D., The Chemical Recycling of PLA: A Review, Sustainable Chemistry, 1, 1-22, 2020.7. De Andrade M. F. C., Souza P. M., Cavalett O., Morales A. R., Life Cycle Assessment of poly (lactic acid)(PLA): Comparison Between Chemical Recycling, Mechanical Recycling and Composting, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 24, 372-384, 2016.8. Badia J., Ribes-Greus A., Mechanical Recycling of Polylactide, Upgrading Trends and Combination of Valorization Techniques, European Polymer Journal, 84, 22-39, 2016.9. Badia J., Strömberg E., Ribes-Greus A., Karlsson S., Assessing the MALDI-TOF MS Sample Preparation Procedure to Analyze the Influence of Thermo-oxidative Ageing and Thermo-mechanical Degradation on Poly (Lactide), European Polymer Journal, 47, 1416-1428, 2011.10. Cuadri A., Martín-Alfonso J., Thermal, Thermo-oxidative and Thermomechanical Degradation of PLA: A Comparative Study Based on Rheological, Chemical and Thermal Properties, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 150, 37-45, 2018.11. Badia J., Strömberg E., Karlsson S., Ribes-Greus A., Material Valorisation of Amorphous Polylactide. Influence of Thermo-mechanical Degradation on the Morphology, Segmental Dynamics, Thermal and Mechanical Performance, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 97, 670-678, 2012.12. Żenkiewicz M., Richert J., Rytlewski P., Moraczewski K., Stepczyńska M., Karasiewicz T., Characterisation of Multi-extruded Poly (lactic acid), Polymer Testing, 28, 412-418, 2009.13. Beltrán F. R., Climent-Pascual E., María U., Urreaga J. M., Effect of Solid-state Polymerization on the Structure and Properties of Mechanically Recycled Poly (lactic acid), Polymer Degradation and Stability, 171, 109045, 2020.14. Cavallo E., He X., Luzi F., Dominici F., Cerrutti P., Bernal C., et al., UV Protective, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Compostable Polylactic Acid Composites Containing Pristine and Chemically Modified Lignin Nanoparticles, Molecules, 26, 126, 2021.15. Pillin I., Montrelay N., Bourmaud A., Grohens Y., Effect of Thermo-mechanical Cycles on the Physico-chemical Properties of Poly (lactic acid), Polymer Degradation and Stability, 93, 321-328, 2008.16. Benvenuta-Tapia J. J., Vivaldo-Lima E., Reduction of Molar Mass Loss and Enhancement of Thermal and Rheological Properties of Recycled Poly (lactic acid) by Using Chain Extenders Obtained from RAFT Chemistry, Reactive and Functional Polymers, 153, 104628, 2020.17. Beltrán F. R., Infante C., Orden M. U., Urreaga J. M., Mechanical Recycling of Poly (lactic acid): Evaluation of a Chain Extender and a Peroxide as Additives for Upgrading the Recycled Plastic, Journal of Cleaner Production, 219, 46-56, 2019.18. Tuna B., Ozkoc G., Effects of Diisocyanate and Polymeric Epoxidized Chain Extenders on the Properties of Recycled Poly (lactic acid), Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 25, 983-993, 2017.19. López de Dicastillo C., Velásquez E., Rojas A., Guarda A., Galotto M. J., The Use of Nanoadditives within Recycled Polymers for Food Packaging: Properties, Recyclability, and Safety, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 19, 1760-1776, 2020.20. Beltrán F. R., Gaspar G., Chomachayi M. D., Jalali-Arani A., Lozano-Pérez A. A., Cenis J. L., et al., Influence of Addition of Organic Fillers on the Properties of Mechanically Recycled PLA, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 24291-24304, 2021.21. Tesfaye M., Patwa R., Gupta A., Kashyap M. J., Katiyar V., Recycling of Poly (lactic acid)/Silk Based Bionanocomposites Films and its Influence on Thermal Stability, Crystallization Kinetics, Solution and Melt Rheology, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 101, 580-594, 2017.22. Beltrán F. R., Arrieta M. P., Gaspar G., Orden M. U., Martínez Urreaga J., Effect of Iignocellulosic Nanoparticles Extracted from Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on the Structural, Thermal, Optical and Barrier Properties of Mechanically Recycled Poly (lactic acid), Polymers, 12, 1690, 2020.23. Beltrán F., De La Orden M., Urreaga J. M., Amino-modified Halloysite Nanotubes to Reduce Polymer Degradation and Improve the Performance of Mechanically Recycled Poly (lactic acid), Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 26, 4046-4055, 2018.24. Imre B. Pukánszky B., Compatibilization in Bio-based and Biodegradable Polymer Blends, European Polymer Journal, 49, 1215-1233, 2013.25. Liu H. Zhang J., Research Progress in Toughening Modification of Poly (lactic acid), Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 49, 1051-1083, 2011.26. Hamad K., Kaseem M., Deri F., Effect of Recycling on Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Poly (lactic acid)/Polystyrene Polymer Blend, Journal of Materials Science, 46, 3013-3019, 2011.27. Lopez J., Girones J., Mendez J., Puig J., Pelach M., Recycling Ability of Biodegradable Matrices and Their Cellulose-reinforced Composites in a Plastic Recycling Stream, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 20, 96-103, 2012.28. Le Duigou A., Pillin I., Bourmaud A., Davies P., Baley C., Effect of Recycling on Mechanical Behaviour of Biocompostable Flax/Poly (l-lactide) Composites, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 39, 1471-1478, 2008.29. Gil-Castell O., Badia J., Kittikorn T., Strömberg E., Martínez-Felipe A., Ek M., et al., Hydrothermal Ageing of Polylactide/Sisal Biocomposites. Studies of Water Absorption Behaviour and Physico-Chemical Performance, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 108, 212-222, 2014.30. Gil-Castell O., Badia J., Kittikorn T., Strömberg E., Ek M., Karlsson S., et al., Impact of Hydrothermal Ageing on the Thermal Stability, Morphology and Viscoelastic Performance of PLA/Sisal Biocomposites, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 132, 87-96, 2016.31. Chinthapalli R., Skoczinski P., Carus M., Baltus W., Guzman D., Käb H., et al., Biobased Building Blocks and Polymers-global Capacities, Production and Trends, Industrial Biotechnology, 15, 237-241, 2019.32. Cecchi T., Giuliani A., Iacopini F., Santulli C., Sarasini F., Tirillò J., Unprecedented High Percentage of Food Waste Powder Filler in Poly Lactic Acid Green Composites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Volatile Profile, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 7263-7271, 2019.33. Xiao D., Qing S., Chen P., Yu Z., Xiao H., Wang X., Development of Recycled Polylactic Acid/Oyster Shell/Biomass Waste Composite for Green Packaging Materials with Pure Natural Glue and Nano-fluid, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 26276-26304, 2020.34. Beltrán F., Lorenzo V., Orden M., Martínez-Urreaga J., Effect of Different Mechanical Recycling Processes on the Hydrolytic Degradation of Poly (l-lactic acid), Polymer Degradation and Stability, 133, 339-348, 2016.35. Beltrán F., Barrio I., Lorenzo V., Del Río B., Martínez Urreaga J., Orden M., Valorization of Poly (lactic acid) Wastes via Mechanical Recycling: Improvement of the Properties of the Recycled Polymer, Waste Management & Research, 37, 135-141, 2019.36. Zhao P., Rao C., Gu F., Sharmin N., Fu J., Close-looped Recycling of Polylactic Acid Used in 3D Printing: An Experimental Investigation and Life Cycle Assessment, Journal of Cleaner Production, 197, 1046-1055, 2018.37. Cisneros-López E., Pal A., Rodriguez A., Wu F., Misra M., Mielewski D., et al., Recycled Poly (lactic acid)–Based 3D Printed Sustainable Biocomposites: A Comparative Study with Injection Molding, Materials Today Sustainability, 7, 100027, 2020.38. Anderson I., Mechanical Properties of Specimens 3D Printed with Virgin and Recycled Polylactic Acid, 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 4, 110-115, 2017.FarzadMehrjo6122022415110.66224/irdpt.38090.7.1.41http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38090http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380901. Baker S.N., Baker G.A., Luminescent Carbon Nanodots: Emergent Nanolights, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49, 6726-6744, 2010.2. Lim S.Y., Shen W., Gao Z., Carbon Quantum Dots and Their Applications, Chemical Society Reviews, 44, 362-381, 2015.3. Wang Y., Hu A., Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2, 6921-6939, 2014.4. Xu X., Ray R., Gu Y., Ploehn H.J., Gearheart L., Raker K., Scrivens W.A., Electrophoretic Analysis and Purification of Fluorescent Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Fragments, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126, 12736-12737, 2004. 5. Hutton G.A.M., Martindale B.C.M., Reisner E., Carbon Dots as Photosensitisers for Solar-Driven Catalysis, Chemical Society Reviews, 46, 6111-6123, 2017.6. Li H., Kang Z., Liu Y., Lee S.-T., Carbon Nanodots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22, 24230-24253, 2012.7. Li X., Rui M., Song J., Shen Z., Zeng H., Carbon and Graphene Quantum Dots for Optoelectronic and Energy Devices: A Review, Advanced Functional Materials, 25, 4929-4947, 2015.8. Shen J., Zhu Y., Yang X., Li C., Graphene Quantum Dots: Emerging Nanolights for Bioimaging, Sensors, and Catalysis and Photovoltaic Devices, Chemical Communications, 48, 3686-3699, 2012. 9. Wang R., Lu K.-Q., Tang Z.-R., Xu Y.-J., Recent Progress in Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications in Photocatalysis, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5, 3717-3734, 2017.10. Wu X., Tian F., Wang W., Chen J., Wu M., Zhao J.X., Fabrication of Highly Fluorescent Graphene Quantum Dots Using L-Glutamic Acid for in Vitro/in Vivo Imaging and Sensing, Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 1, 4676-4684, 2013.11. Zhang Y., He Y.H., Cui P.P., Feng X.T., Chen L., Yang Y.Z., Liu X.G., Watersoluble, Nitrogen-Doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Hg2+ in Aqueous Solution, RSC Advances, 5, 40393-40401, 2015.12. Hu S., Tian R., Dong Y., Yang J., Liu J., Chang Q., Modulation and Effects of Surface Groups on Photoluminescence and Photocatalytic Activity of Carbon Dots, Nanoscale, 5, 11665-11671, 2013. 13. Li H., Liu R., Lian S., Liu Y., Huang H., Kang Z., Near-Infrared Light Controlled Photocatalytic Activity of Carbon Quantum Dots for Highly Selective Oxidation Reaction, Nanoscale, 5, 3289-3297, 2013.14. Demchenko P., Dekaliuk M.O., Novel Fluorescent Carbonic Nanomaterials for Sensing and Imaging, Methods and Applications in Fluorescence, 1, 042001, 2013.15. Zhang Y., Chung T.S., Graphene Oxide Membranes for Nanofiltration, Current opinion in chemical engineering, 16, 9-15, 2017. 16. Zheng A.-X., Cong Z.-X., Wang J.-R., Li J., Yang H.-H., Chen G.-N., Highlyefficient Peroxidase-Like Catalytic Activity of Graphene Dots for Biosensing, Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 49, 519-524, 2013.17. Nurunnabi M., Khatun Z., Huh K.M., Park S.Y., Lee D.Y., Cho K.J., Lee Y.-K., In Vivo Biodistribution and Toxicology of Carboxylated Graphene Quantum Dots, ACS Nano., 7, 6858-6867, 2013. 18. Jiang Y., Biswas P., and Fortner J.D., A Review of Recent Developments in Graphene-Enabled Membranes for Water Treatment, Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology journal, 2, 915-922, 2016.19. Guo C.X., Zhao D., Zhao Q., Wang P., Lu X., Na+-Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots: A New Draw Solute in Forward Osmosis for Seawater Desalination, Chemical Communications, 50, 7318-7321, 2014. 20. Lin L., Zhang S., Creating High Yield Water Soluble Luminescent Graphene Quantum Dots via Exfoliating and Disintegrating Carbon Nanotubes and Graphite Flakes, Chemical Communications, 48, 10177-10179, 2012.21. Dong Y., Zhou N., Lin X., Lin J., Chi Y., Chen G., Extraction of Electrochemiluminescent Oxidized Carbon Quantum Dots from Activated Carbon, Chemistry of Materials, 22, 5895-5899, 2010.22. Sun Y.-P., Zhou B., Lin Y., Wang W., Fernando K.A.S., Pathak P., Meziani M.J., Harruff B.A., Wang X., Wang H., Luo P.G., Yang H., Kose M.E., Chen B., Veca L.M., Xie S.-Y., Quantum-Sized Carbon Dots for Bright and Colorful Photoluminescence, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 128, 7756-7757, 2006.23. Zhou J., Booker C., Li R., Zhou X., Sham T.-K., Sun X., Ding Z., An Electrochemical to Blue Luminescent Nanocrystals from Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs), Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129, 744-745, 2007. 24. Bourlinos B., Stassinopoulos A., Anglos D., Zboril R., Karakassides M., Giannelis E.P., Surface Functionalized Carbogenic Quantum Dots, Small, 4, 455-458, 2008.25. Li H.T., He X.D., Liu Y., Huang H., Lian S.Y., Lee S.-T., Kang Z.H., One-Step Ultrasonic Synthesis of Water-Soluble Carbon Nanoparticles with Excellent Photoluminescent Properties, Carbon, 49, 605-609, 2010.26. Liu R., Wu D., Liu S., Koynov K., Knoll W., Li Q., An Aqueous Route to Multicolor Photoluminescent Carbon Dots Using Silica Spheres as Carriers, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 121, 4668-4671, 2009.27. Peng H., Travas-Sejdic J., Simple Aqueous Solution Route to Luminescent Carbogenic Dots from Carbohydrates, Chemistry of Materials, 21, 5563-5565, 2009. 28. Chowdhury D., Gogoi N., Majumdar G., Fluorescent Carbon Dots Obtained from Chitosan Gel, RSC Advances, 2, 12156-12159, 2012.29. Liu R., Zhang J., Gao M., Li Z., Chen J., Wu D., Liu P., A Facile Microwavehydrothermal Approach towards Highly Photoluminescent Carbon Dots from Goose Feathers, RSC Advances, 5, 4428-4433, 2015. 30. Mehta V.N., Jha S., Kailasa S.K., One-Pot Green Synthesis of Carbon Dots by Using Saccharum Officinarum Juice for Fluorescent Imaging of Bacteria (Escherichia Coli) and Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) Cells, Materials Science and Engineering C, 38, 20-27, 2014.31. Sahu S., Behera B., Maiti T.K., Mohapatra S., Simple One-Step Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Carbon Dots from Orange Juice: Application as Excellent Bioimaging Agents, Chemical Communications, 48, 8835-8837, 2012.32. Wang J., Wang C.-F., Chen S., Amphiphilic Egg-Derived Carbon Dots: Rapid Plasma Fabrication, Pyrolysis Process, and Multicolor Printing Patterns, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 51, 9297-9301, 2012. 33. Yang Y.H., Cui J.H., Zheng M.T., Hu C.F., Tan S.Z., Xiao Y., Yang, Q., Liu, Y.L., One-Step Synthesis of Amino-Functionalized Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Chitosan, Chemical Communications, 48, 380-382, 2012.34. Zhou J.J., Sheng Z.H., Han H.Y., Zou M.Q., Li C., Facile Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots Using Watermelon Peels as A Carbon Source, Materials Letters, 66, 222-224, 2012. 35. Bi R., Zhang Q., Zhang R., Su Y., Jiang, Z., Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporated with Graphene Quantum Dots for High Flux and Antifouling Property, Journal of Membrane Science, 553, 17-24, 2018. 36. Jafari A., Kebria M.R.S., Rahimpour A., Bakeri, G., Graphene Quantum Dots Modified Polyvinylidenefluride (PVDF) Nanofibrous Membranes with Enhanced Performance for Air Gap Membrane Distillation, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 126, 222-231, 2018.37. Zhang C., Wei K., Zhang W., Bai Y., Sun Y., Gu J., Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Incorporated into a Thin Film Nanocomposite Membrane with High Flux and Antifouling Properties for Low-Pressure Nanofiltration, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9, 11082-11094, 2017. 38. Zhao D.L., Das S., Chung T.S., Carbon Quantum Dots Grafted Antifouling Membranes for Osmotic Power Generation via Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process, Environmental Science & Technology, 51, 14016-14023, 2017. 39. Fathizadeh M., Tien H.N., Khivantsev K., Song Z., Zhou F., Yu M., Polyamide/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots (N-GOQD) Thin Film Nanocomposite Reverse Osmosis Membranes for High Flux Desalination, Desalination, 451, 125-132, 2017. 40. Yuan Z., Wu X., Jiang Y., Li Y., Huang J., Hao L., Zhang J., Carbon Dotsincorporated Composite Membrane towards Enhanced Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Performance, Journal of Membrane Science, 549, 1-11, 2018.41. Gai W., Zhao D.L., Chung T.S., Novel Thin Film Composite Hollow Fiber Membranes Incorporated with Carbon Quantum Dots for Osmotic Power Generation, Journal of Membrane Science, 551, 94-102, 2018. 42. He Y., Zhao D.L., Chung T.S., Na+ Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots Incorporated Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Selenium and Arsenic Removal, Journal of Membrane Science, 564, 483-491, 2018. 43. Song X., Zhou Q., Zhang T., Xu H., Wang Z., Pressure-Assisted Preparation of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dot-Incorporated Reverse Osmosis Membranes: Antifouling and Chlorine Resistance Potentials, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 4, 16896-16905, 2016.44. Ostuni E., Chapman R.G., Holmlin R.E., Takayama S., Whitesides G.M., A Survey of Structure-Property Relationships of Surfaces That Resist the Adsorption of Protein, Langmuir, 17, 5605-5620, 2001.45. Jiang L.Y., Chung T.S., Cao C., Huang A., Kulprathipanja S., Fundamental Understanding of Nano-Sized Zeolite Distribution in the Formation of The Mixed Matrix Single- and Dual-Layer Asymmetric Hollow Fiber Membranes, Journal of Membrane Science, 252, 89-100, 2005.46. Safaei B., Youssefi M., Rezaei B., Irannejad N., Synthesis and Properties of Photoluminescent Carbon Quantum Dot/Polyacrylonitrile Composite Nanofibers, Smart Science, 6, 117-124, 2017.47. Colburn A., Wanninayake N., Kim D.Y., Bhattacharyya D., Cellulose-Graphene Quantum Dot Composite Membranes Using Ionic Liquid, Journal of Membrane Science, 556, 293-302, 2018. 48. Zeng Z., Yu D., He Z., Liu J., Xiao F.X., Zhang Y., Wang R., Bhattacharyya D., Tan T.T.Y., Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Covalently Functionalized PVDF Membrane with Significantly-Enhanced Bactericidal and Antibiofouling Performances, Scientific Reports, 6, 20142-20152, 2016. 49. Chen F., Gao W., Qiu X., Zhang H., Liu L., Liao P., Fu W., Luo Y., Graphene Quantum Dots in Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, Frontiers in Laboratory Medicine, 1, 192-199, 2017. 50. Hui L., Huang J., Chen G., Zhu Y., Yang L., Antibacterial Property of Graphene Quantum Dots (Both Source Material and Bacterial Shape Matter), ACS Applied, 8, 20-25, 2016.51. Zhou J., Wang J., Hou J., Zhang Y., Liu J., Bruggen Van der B., Graphenebased Antimicrobial Polymeric Membranes: A Review, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5, 6776-6793, 2017.RahimDehghanJalalBarzinBehnamDarabiHamidrezaGhaderi6122022536310.66224/irdpt.38091.7.1.53http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38091http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380911. Cai A., Li L., Zhang Y., Mo Y., Mai W., and Zhou Y., Lipoprotein (a): A Promising Marker for Residual Cardiovascular Risk Assessment, Diseases Markers, 35, 551-559, 2013.2. National Institute of Health, http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/blood.html, Available in September 2021.3. Dehghan R. and Koosha M., Specification of Polyurethane as Prosthetic Heart Valve, Polymerization, 5, 48-60, 2015. 4. Marinetti G.V., Disorders of Lipid Metabolism, New York, Springer Science & Business Media, 89-95, 2012.5. De Castro-Orós I., Pocoví M., and Civeira F., The Genetic Basis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Inheritance, Linkage, and Mutations, The Application of Clinical Genetics, 3, 53-54, 2010.6. Yang C. Y., Chen S. H., Gianturco S. H., Bradley W. A., Sparrow J. T., Tanimura M., Li W. H., Sparrow D. A., Deloof H., Rosseneu M., and Lee F.S., Sequence, Structure, Receptor-Binding Domains and Internal Repeats of Human Apolipoprotein B-100, Nature, 323, 738-742, 1986.7. Fox K.M., Gandhi S.K., Bullano M.F., Ohsfeldt R.L., and Davidson M.H., Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels and Dyslipidemia Treatment in Patients Diagnosed with Atherosclerosis, In Circulation, 117, E425-E426, 2008.8. Huang X.J., Guduru D., Xu Z.K., Vienken J., and Groth T., Immobilization of Heparin on Polysulfone Surface for Selective Adsorption of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Acta Biomaterialia, 6, 1099-1106, 2010.9. Duell P.B., Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Apheresis, Dyslipidemias, NewYork, Humana Press, 2015.10. Hudgins L.C., Gordon B.R., Parker T.S., Saal S.D., Levine D.M., and Rubin A.L., LDL Apheresis: An effective and Safe Treatment for Refractory hypercholesterolemia, Cardiovascular Drug Reviews, 20, 271-280, 2002.11. Encyclopedia Britannica, Low density lipoprotein physiology, https://www.britannica.com/science/low-density-lipoprotein, available in June 2021.12. Orlova E.V., Sherman M.B., Chiu W., Mowri H., Smith L.C., and Gotto A.M., Three-Dimensional Structure of Low Density Lipoproteins by Electron Cryomicroscopy, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 96, 8420-8425, 1999.13. Moffatt R.J. and Stamford B., Lipid Metabolism and Health. CRC Press, 2005.14. Camacho P., Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Manson publishing, Maywood illions, USA , 171-173, 2011.15. Harisa G.I., and Alanazi F.K., Low Density Lipoprotein Bionanoparticles: From Cholesterol Transport to Delivery of Anti-Cancer Drugs, Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 22, 504-515, 2014.16. Bambauer R., Bambauer C., Lehmann B., Latza R., and Schiel R., LDL-Apheresis: Technical and Clinical Aspects, The Scientifc World Journal, 2012.17. Selecti cure H19 cascade filter, www.membrana.com, available in may 2020. 18. Borberg H., Results of An Open, Longitudinal Multicenter LDL-Apheresis Trial, Transfusion Science, 20, 83–94, 1999.19. Bambauer R., Schiel R., Latza R., Current Topics on Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis Methods. Therapeutic Apheresis, 5, 293–300, 2001.20. Seidel D., Wieland H., Ein Neues Verfahren zur Selektiven Messung und Extrakorporalen Elimination von Low-Density Lipoproteinen, Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, 20, 684. 1982.21. Bambauer R., Olbricht C.J., and Schoeppe E., Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis for Prevention and Regression of Atherosclerosis: Clinical Results, Therapeutic Apheresis, 1, 242–248, 1997.22. Bosch T., Lennertz A., Schmidt B., Fink E., Keller C., DALI Apheresis in Hyperlipidemic Patients: Biocompatibility, Efcacy, and Selectivity of Direct Adsorption of Lipoprotein from Whole Blood, Artificial Organs, 24, 81–90, 2000.23. Barzin J., Feng C., Khulbe K.C., Matsuura T., Madaeni S.S., and Mirzadeh H., Characterization of Polyethersulfone Hemodialysis Membrane by Ultrafiltration and Atomic Force Microscopy, Journal of Membrane Science, 237, 77-85. 2004.24. Fang F., Zhu X.Y., Chen C., Li.J., Chen D.J., and Huang X.J., Anionic Glycosylated Polysulfone Membranes for the Affinity Adsorption of Low-Density Lipoprotein via Click Reactions, Acta biomaterialia, 49, 379-387, 2017.25. Wang L., Fang F., Liu Y., Li J., and Huang X., Facile Preparation of Heparinized Polysulfone Membrane Assisted by Polydopamine/Polyethyleneimine Co-deposition for Simultaneous LDL Selectivity and Biocompatibility, Applied Surface Science, 385, 308-317, 2016.26. Huang X.J., Guduru D., Xu Z.K., Vienken J., and Groth T., Blood Compatibility and Permeability of Heparin‐Modified Polysulfone as Potential Membrane for Simultaneous Hemodialysis and LDL Removal. Macromolecular Bioscience, 11, 131-140, 2011.27. Li J., Huang X.J., Ji J., Lan P., Vienken J., Groth T., and Xu Z.K., Covalent Heparin Modification of a Polysulfone Flat Sheet Membrane for Selective Removal of Low‐Density Lipoproteins: A simple and versatile method. Macromolecular Bioscience, 11, 1218-1226, 2011.28. Wang W., Huang X.J., Cao J.D., Lan P., and Wu W., Immobilization of Sodium Alginate Sulfates on Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes for Selective Adsorption of Low-Density Lipoprotein, Acta Biomaterialia, 10, 234-243, 2014.29. Aksoy E.A., Synthesis and Surface Modification Studies of Biomedical Polyurethanes to Improve Long-term Biocompatibility, Ph.D Thesis, Middle East Technical University, July 2008.MarziyehKavianMiladGhaniJahan BakhshRaoof6122022657410.66224/irdpt.38092.7.1.65http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/38092http://irdpt.ir/fa/Article/Download/380921. Paul, D. R., & Robeson, L. M., Polymer nanotechnology: nanocomposites, Polymer, 49(15), 3187-3204, 2008.2. Yang, L., Lei, J., Fan, J. M., Yuan, R. M., Zheng, M. S., Chen, J. J., & Dong, Q. F., The intrinsic charge carrier behaviors and applications of polyoxometalate clusters based materials. Advanced Materials, 33(50), 2005019, 2021.3. Goriparthi, B. K., Naga Eswar Naveen, P., & Ravi Sankar, H., Performance evaluation of composite gears composed of POM, CNTs, and PTFE. Polymer Composites, 42(3), 1123-1134, 2021.4. Pope, M. T., & Müller, A, Introduction to polyoxometalate chemistry: from topology via self-assembly to applications, In Polyoxometalate Chemistry from Topology via Self-Assembly to Applications (pp. 1-6), Springer, Dordrecht, 2001.5. Kumari, R., Narvi, S. S., & Dutta, P. K, Design of polymer based inorganic-organic hybrid materials for drug delivery application, Journal of the indian chemical society, 97(12 A), 2609-2622, 2020.6. Yang, L., Lei, J., Fan, J. M., Yuan, R. M., Zheng, M. S., Chen, J. J., & Dong, Q. F, The intrinsic charge carrier behaviors and applications of polyoxometalate clusters based materials, Advanced Materials, 33(50), 2005019, 2021.7. Chen, J., Ai, L. M., Feng, W., Liu, Y., & Cai, W. M, Preparation and photochromism of nanocomposite thin film based on polyoxometalate and polyethyleneglycol, Materials Letters, 61(30), 5247-5249, 2007.8. Shanmugam, S., Viswanathan, B., & Varadarajan, T. K, Photochemically reduced polyoxometalate assisted generation of silver and gold nanoparticles in composite films: a single step route, Nanoscale Research Letters, 2(3), 175-183, 2007.9. Wang, Z., Ma, Y., Zhang, R., Peng, A., Liao, Q., Cao, Z., & Yao, J, Reversible Luminescent Switching in a [Eu(SiW10MoO39)2]13−‐Agarose Composite Film by Photosensitive Intramolecular Energy Transfer, Advanced Materials, 21(17), 1737-1741, 2009.10. Yin, R., Guan, X. H., Gong, J., & Qu, L. Y, Evaluation of swelling capacity of poly (vinyl alcohol) fibrous mats dealt with polyoxometalate containing vanadium, Journal of applied polymer science, 106(3), 1677-1682, 2007.11. Jing, B., Xu, D., Wang, X., & Zhu, Y., Multiresponsive, critical gel behaviors of polyzwitterion–polyoxometalate coacervate complexes. Macromolecules, 51(22), 9405-9411, 2018.12. Li, H., Sun, H., Qi, W., Xu, M., & Wu, L., Onionlike hybrid assemblies based on surfactant‐encapsulated polyoxometalates, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 46(8), 1300-1303, 2007.13. Lan, Y., Wang, E., Song, Y., Song, Y., Kang, Z., Xu, L., & Li, Z., An effective layer-by-layer adsorption and polymerization method to the fabrication of polyoxometalate-polypyrrole nanoparticle ultrathin films, Polymer, 47(4), 1480-1485, 2006.14. Li, H., Qi, W., Li, W., Sun, H., Bu, W. E. I. F. E. N. G., & Wu, L. I. X. I. N., A highly transparent and luminescent hybrid based on the copolymerization of surfactant‐encapsulated polyoxometalate and methyl methacrylate, Advanced Materials, 17(22), 2688-2692, 2005.15. Wang, B., Vyas, R. N., & Shaik, S., Preparation parameter development for layer-by-layer assembly of keggin-type polyoxometalates, Langmuir, 23(22), 11120-11126, 2007.16. Moore, A. R., Kwen, H., Beatty, A. M., & Maatta, E. A, Organoimido-polyoxometalates as polymer, Chemical Communications, (18), 1793-1794, 2000.17. Li, D., Wei, J., Dong, S., Li, H., Xia, Y., Jiao, X., & Chen, D., Novel PVP/HTA hybrids for multifunctional rewritable paper. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 10(2), 1701-1706, 2018.18. Li, H., Qi, W., Sun, H., Li, P., Yang, Y., & Wu, L, A novel polymerizable pigment based on surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalates and their application in polymer coloration, Dyes and Pigments, 79(2), 105-110, 2008.19. Kumari, R., Narvi, S. S., & Dutta, P. K. Design of polymer based inorganic-organic hybrid materials for drug delivery application. Journal of the Indian chemical society, 97(12 A), 2609-2622, 2020.20. Maldotti, A., Molinari, A., Varani, G., Lenarda, M., Storaro, L., Bigi, F., ... & Sartori, G, Immobilization of (n-Bu4N)4W10O32 on mesoporous MCM-41 and amorphous silicas for photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkanes with molecular oxygen, Journal of Catalysis, 209(1), 210-216, 2002.21. Yang, L., Lei, J., Fan, J. M., Yuan, R. M., Zheng, M. S., Chen, J. J., & Dong, Q. F., The intrinsic charge carrier behaviors and applications of polyoxometalate clusters based materials. Advanced Materials, 33(50), 2005019, 2021.22. Yan, J., Zheng, X., Yao, J., Xu, P., Miao, Z., Li, J., & Yan, Y., Metallopolymers from organically modified polyoxometalates (MOMPs): A review. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 884, 1-16, 2019.23. Xu, B., Xu, L., Gao, G., Li, Z., Liu, Y., Guo, W., & Jia, L, Polyoxometalate-based gasochromic silica, New Journal of Chemistry, 32(6), 1008-1013, 2008.24. Green, M., Harries, J., Wakefield, G., & Taylor, R, The synthesis of silica nanospheres doped with polyoxometalates, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 127(37), 12812-12813, 2005.25. Hamidi, H., Shams, E., Yadollahi, B., & Esfahani, F. K, Fabrication of bulk-modified carbon paste electrode containing α-PW12O403− polyanion supported on modified silica gel: Preparation, electrochemistry and electrocatalysis, Talanta, 74(4), 909-914, 2008.26. Zhang, X., Zhang, C., Guo, H., Huang, W., Polenova, T., Francesconi, L. C., & Akins, D. L, Optical spectra of a novel polyoxometalate occluded within modified MCM-41. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109(41), 19156-19160, 2005.27. Arun, S., Bhartiya, P., Naz, A., Rai, S., Narvi, S. S., & Dutta, P. K., Fabrication and characterization of polyoxometalate based nano-hybrids: evaluation of their role in biological activity. Journal of Polymer Materials, 35(4), 2018.28. Zhang, R., & Yang, C, A novel polyoxometalate-functionalized mesoporous hybrid silica: synthesis and characterization, Journal of Materials Chemistry, 18(23), 2691-2703, 2008.29. Chai, S., Cao, X., Xu, F., Zhai, L., Qian, H. J., Chen, Q., & Li, H. Multiscale self-assembly of mobile-ligand molecular nanoparticles for hierarchical nanocomposites. ACS nano, 13(6), 7135-7145, 2019.30. Yin, Y. Z., Zhang, Z. G., He, W. W., Xu, J. M., Jiang, F. Y., Han, X., & Ma, S. Precise modification of poly (aryl ether ketone sulfone) proton exchange membranes with positively charged bismuth oxide clusters for high proton conduction performance. Sustanable Materials, 2022.